European Union

Archives Portal Europe is a portal developed since 2015 by the Archives Portal Europe Foundation (APEF). APE collects only metadata, not digital archival objects. Thus, it allows to search through the collections of archival institutions, but in order to have access to particular digital objects, it is necessary to use the original website. APE aggregates search results from hundreds of institutions in Europe. The complete list is available on the old APE website (https://deprecated.archivesportaleurope.net/).

Europeana is a portal developed under the aegis of European Union that aggregates digitized cultural heritage collections of over 3000 European institutions: libraries, museums, archives, etc.

The Europeana Regia project (2010-2012) website contains "more than 1000 rare and precious [digitized] manuscripts from the Middle Ages and the Renaissance. All of them were once part of three great royal collections that are currently dispersed and which represent European cultural activity at three distinct periods in history: the Bibliotheca Carolina (8th and 9th centuries), the Library of Charles V and Family (14th century) and the Library of the Aragonese Kings of Naples (15th and 16th centuries)." The project financed by the European Commission was a joint inititative of five libraries: Bibliothèque nationale de France (BnF), Bayerische Staatsbibliothek (BSB), Universitat de València. Biblioteca Històrica (BHUV), Herzog August Bibliothek (HAB), Koninklijke Bibliotheek van België - Bibliothèque royale de Belgique (KBR).

Austria

Manuscripta.at - a portal run by Institut für Mittelalterforschung (IMAFO), or Institute for Medieval Studies of Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften (Austrian Academy of Sciences) - aims at serving as a metasearch engine through medieval manuscripts held by Austrian institutions. Although it does not provide digital images of manuscripts itself, it provides direct links to them (if digitized, of course), and further secondary literature.

Österreichische Nationalbibliothek (ÖNB), or Austrian National Library, offers also digitized sources (ÖNB Digital), including manuscripts. As of 2024 more than 3,5 million objects from the ÖNB collections are available online.

Czechia

Manuscriptorium "seeks to aggregate the old written and documentary heritage (medieval and early modern manuscripts, incunabula, and early printed books until c. 1800) of European civilisation in a united user interface and present it to end users as well as have other sources use it (Manuscriptorium is, for example, a domain aggregator for Europeana). In addition to being an extensive digital library, Manuscriptorium has the ambition to become a virtual research environment for working with historical documents and collections by creating digital tools adapted as modules in a digital network. As a result, user data can be created in the personalised environment of an individual account and published in correlation with the aggregated content (data and metadata). The ultimate goal is the full integration in the digital network environment with the use of data standards, digitised document indexes, and persistent addressing of both complex digital documents (manuscripts, books) and their partial objects (pages) or fragments (page details) where blockchainisation is an inspiration rather than big data" (source). The portal is run by National Library of the Czech Republic, and it is also Czech aggregator for Europeana. As of 2024, there are as many as 400,000 records in Manuscriptorium.

Denmark

Det Kgl. Bibliotek, or Royal Danish Library, website offers access to digitized collections, including manuscripts. Additionally, one can use also search tool to query physical collections of the RDL (kept in Copenhagen and Aarhus).

France

Gallica is the digital library of the National Library of France. It provides free access to approximately 6 million items. Among them, one can find ca. 856 000 books and 181 000 manuscripts. Many of the books were scanned with OCR technology, thus full-text search is possible. In addition one should mention that collections of digitized journals, including legal ones, are available on the Persée and Cairn.info websites.

The National Library of France has also a special portal dedicated to archives and manuscripts: BnF Archives et manuscrits (BnF-AM).

France Archives website allows one to find references to French archives. Although it does not provide itself with direct access to digitized materials, it offers descriptions and links to archival institutions, which keep them. You can also consult the Panorama des archives numérisées so as to query the categorized catalogues of digitized materials. Moreover, there are the Inventaires, that is, a search engine that allows you to look through the collections. More than 18 million objects from hundreds of archival institutions (including Archives nationales, Bibliothèque nationale de France, as well as departmental and municipal archives) are available there.

There is also Calames website, which is in fact an online catalogue of archival sources (including manuscripts) kept by French universities, research libraries and instutitions.  

If you are interested in wider spectrum of French cultural heritage you can always query POP - la plateforme ouverte du patrimoine. There are thousands of digitized sources such as illuminations or museum collections.

Catalogue collectif de France (CCFR) aggregates search results from several sources, including Catalogue général de la Bibliothèque nationale de France (BnF-CG), Catalogue général des manuscrits des bibliothèques publiques françaises (CGM - collections of more than 470 institutions), Calames website, and BnF Archives et manuscrits (BAM).

ARCA is a portal hosted by IRHT. It is a center of digital resources offered by IRHT, either directly from IRHT or from other institutions. As of 2024 more than 270,000 items are recorded.

Jonas is a worth-mentioning project run by IRHT. Its goal is to catalogue medieval French and Occitan manuscripts and texts. As of 2024, the database encompass approximately 26,000 texts, almost 19,000 manuscripts, and more than 500 prints.

OpenEdition Journals and OpenEdition Books aim at publishing studies from humanities and social sciences. Most of papers are in open access.

Germany

Archivportal is a hub of information concerning German archival collections. It is part of the German Digital Library.

Biblioteca Augustana is a digital collection of texts prepared by Ulrich Harsch, former professor of the Technische Hochschule Augsburg. This continuously expanded database provides an easy access to a great number of works in Latin, ancient Greek, German, English, French and other languages.

The German Digital Library is a portal that provides access to digitised items of German cultural heritage. It is a joint project of the German federal and state governments, as well as several municipal authorities. It offers access to, inter alia, books and manuscripts held by cultural and research institutions from all over Germany, including, e.g., digital collection of München Digital Library. As of 2023, more than 45 million items are available through the DDB search engine.

Handschriftencensus (HSC) aims at gathering all medieval manuscripts written in German. The catalogue gathers approximately 26,000 manuscripts (years ca. 750-1520) from more than 1500 institutions from all over the world. The records include also literature. Since 2017 the portal is supported by Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur Mainz.

Handschriftenportal (HSP) is a portal that specializes in manuscripts held in Germany. HSP is a joint service of four major German institutions: Berlin State Library - Prussian Cultural Heritage (Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin – Preußischer Kulturbesitz), Leipzig University Library (Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig), Prince August Wolfenbüttel Library (Herzog August Bibliothek Wolfenbüttel), and Munich Bavarian State Library (Bayerischer Staatsbibliothek München). It is supposed to replace the Manuscripta mediaevalia portal. The list of instutitions whose collections are searchable through HSP is available here. As of 2024, there are more than 144,000 manuscripts in HSP. Part of them (approximately 26 thousand) is digitized.  

Monasterium is a digital archive which provides online access to collections from as many as 233 archives, mainly from Austria and Germany (as of 2024).

More than 400 digitized medieval and early modern manuscripts can be found on the Digitalen Bibliothek der Erzbischöflichen Diözesan- und Dombibliothek Köln website.

Regesta Imperii Online database gives access to abstracts (Regesten) of charters and other documents produced by Roman-German kings and emperors as well as popes in 8th-16th centuries. The online inventory is based upon over a hundred volumes of Regesta Imperii published in print since 1839 (available also as PDFs). Additionally, the website includes also RI OPAC section which collects secondary literature. According to the website it encompasses more than 2,6 million publications.

Jordanus "provides information about some 13 400 medieval Western manuscripts (500–1500) dealing with mathematics in the broad sense, including arithmetic, algebra, geometry, trigonometry, computus, astronomy, astrology, optics, and mechanics. Most of these manuscripts are written in Latin, but they also include vernacular languages (English, French, German, Italian, Spanish)". It is hosted by Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften (Bavarian Academy of Sciences).

Iceland

Handrit "is a joint electronic catalogue of manuscripts preserved in the National and University Library of Iceland (Landsbókasafn Íslands – Háskólabókasafn), the Árni Magnússon Institute in Reykjavík (Stofnun Árna Magnússonar í íslenskum fræðum) and the Arnamagnæan Institute in Copenhagen (Den Arnamagnæanske Samling). The catalogue also includes descriptions of manuscripts housed at the Swedish Royal Library (Kungliga biblioteket), the Archives of the Icelandic Alþingi (Skjalasafn Alþingis), the National Museum of Iceland (Þjóðminjasafn Íslands) and the National Archives of Iceland (Þjóðskjalasafn Íslands), as well a number of manuscripts still in private ownership. The manuscripts are primarily Icelandic, but there are also important collections of Danish, Norwegian, Swedish and Faroese material, as well as around 100 manuscripts of continental provenance" (source).

Ireland

Digital Repository of Ireland is an online portal that gives access to as many as 165 digitized collections of historical materials connected with history of Ireland.

Another portal is Irish Script on Screen (ISOS) - a project of the School of Celtic Studies, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies. It aims at digitization and making accessible online Irish manuscripts. According to the website more than 450 manuscripts are available.

Italy

National Archive System portal is the website of Italian Sistema Archivistico Nazionale. It aggregates information on Italian archival collections. The website contains, inter alia, the catalogue of archival resources (Il Catalogo delle risorse archivistiche – CAT). The portal gives also access to inventories of affiliated archives and allows to search for digitised objects.

Also on the website of MANUS project you can find a catalogue that includes descriptions and images of manuscripts, private papers and archives held by Italian public, private and ecclesiastical libraries. According to the website, as many as 452 institutions participates in this project.

Mirabile website offers a variety of digital resources, including medieval and early modern manuscripts. The portal exploits databases prepared by SISMEL (Società Internazionale per lo Studio del Medioevo Latino), that is, International Society for the Study of Medieval Latin Culture in Florence, and FEF (Fondazione Ezio Franceschini - Istituto di Ricerca sulla Cultura Testuale dell'Europa Medievale). The list is available here. Additionally, the manuscripts available in Mirabile Digital Library are presented using XML-TEI.

TRAME is another project run by FEF (see above). It aims to have a meta search engine that allows to query several Italian databases of medieval manuscripts.

Italy has, of course, a national digital library - Biblioteca Digitale Italiana. Additionally, a special portal was created to provide access to 39 libraries' traditional catalogues - Cataloghi Storici Digitalizzati.  

Low Countries

The Bibliotheca Neerlandica Manuscripta (BNM) "contains information on medieval manuscripts produced in the Netherlands. The main focus is on Middle Dutch texts and their authors, on the individuals and institutions that were involved in manuscript production and on the former manuscript owners. Nearly 2000 folders have been digitised, thanks to funding by Metamorfoze, the national programme for the preservation of paper heritage in the Netherlands. The folders contain descriptions of thousands of manuscripts and several hundreds of transcripts. An inventory of these folders can be found in the BNM collection guide.

Medieval Manuscripts in Dutch Collections website contains a database of "all medieval western manuscripts up to c. 1550 written in Latin script and preserved in public and semi-public collections in the Netherlands". It includes manuscripts written in Latin and vernacular languages. You can also find there literature mentioned in the database in alphabetical order and catalogues of useful links and online resources.

Online Medieval Manuscript Guide held in Wallonia and Brussels project website (CICweb.be) is a catalogue that encompass medieval manuscripts preserved by the archival institutions in Wallonia and Brussels.

Luxury Bound is a portal prepared under the auspices of IRHT which offers a catalogue of illustrated manuscripts in the Low Countries (1400-1550). There are almost 4,000 described manuscripts.

Moldova

National Archives Agency of Moldova website provides online inventories and digitized collections.

Norway

Arkivportalen offers access to collections of Norwegian archives.

Poland

Manuscripta.pl is a Polish portal that serves as a guide to medieval manuscripts in Polish collections. If possible, to directs to digitized images of preserved manuscripts. What is noteworthy, there is also a repository of Polonica kept in non-Polish collections, and a repertory of lost manuscripts, especially during World War 2. 

The Federation of Digital Libraries is a leading Polish digital metalibrary. It aggregates search results from over 150 Polish digital collections of books and manuscripts (including collections of all major digital libraries). As of 2023 there are over 8 320 000 items available via FBC, 6 600 000 of which are in open access. Among them there are more than 3 560 000 items from the National Library, 790 000 objects from Jagiellonian Digital Library, 530 000 objects from Silesian Digital Library, and 380 000 items from Greater Poland Digital Library. FBC is a Polish data provider for Europeana.

Search the Archives (Szukaj w archiwach) is a portal provided by the Polish National Digital Archives. It offers access to digitized archival collections from more than 60 institutions, including Central Archives of Historical Records in Warsaw, Archives of Modern Records in Warsaw, National Digital Archives, 29 State Archives, and 29 institutions outside the State Archives. Additionally, one can find also inventories of archival collections of the institutions mentioned above, irrespective of whether they were digitized or not.

Portugal

Portal Português de Arquivos is a website of Portuguese archives networks which makes it possible to search through collections of 47 archival institutions (more than 8 million records).

Romania

Resurse website gathers links to several portals that provide information or digital resources connected with history of Romania. It includes also links to Romanian libraries' online catalogues or collections of digital libraries.

Serbia

Digital National Library of Serbia provides access to digitized resources such as manuscripts, books, periodicals, or maps connected with history of Serbia.

Spain

PARES, or Portal de Archivos Españoles (Spanish Archives Portal) offer access to the resources held in Spanish state archival institutions. Using search tools you can query their collections, or study digitized documents.

You can also consult the Censo-Guía de Archivos de España e Iberoamérica website.

See also the website of the Philobiblon project described below, since it is run by University of California, Berkeley.

Sweden

Riksarkivet, or the Swedish National Archives, provides two portals: the Digital Research Room and the National Archives Database. According to the website, more than 70 million digitized documents are available there, including church books, maps, tax records, military rolls, estate records, criminal records, or photographs. The latter enables to query the collections of Swedish archival institutions.

Switzerland

Virtual Manuscript Library of Switzerland website contains, as of 2023, 2733 digitized manuscripts from 97 libraries (mostly Swiss).

E-manuscripta is another portal where digitized manuscripts from Swiss libraries and archives are displayed.

Swiss Federal Archives website also offers access to digitized collections, however they cover the period of the end of 18th and subsequent centuries.

United Kingdom

National Archives website might assist you while exploring collections of British archives. It allows to search through the inventories of the National Archives and over 2500 other British archival institutions. It also offers access to digitized collections, however just more than 5% of the records are available online. Additionally, the portal provides us with a wealth of research guides.

Archives Hub might be another portal that you can find helpful while searching through British archives. Although it offers mainly just descriptions of collections held by British institutions of many kinds (museums, galleries, universities, specialist archives, etc.), it should be noted that the website allows you to search through inventories. As of 2023, more than 390 institutions have contributed to the Archives Hub.

Special website was developed to catalogue Western medieval manuscripts in Oxford libraries (Bodleian Library ad selected Oxford colleges). Early modern manuscripts are included in general Bodleian Library search engine.

University of Cambridge has its own digital library as well. Apart from other collections, On the Scriptorium portal you can have access to medieval and early modern manuscripts. According to the website the database is founded upon collections of "10 partner institutions: college libraries in Cambridge (Emmanuel, King's, Queens, St John's, Trinity), the Cambridge University Library, the Brotherton Library in Leeds, and the archives of Holkham Hall, Belton House, and Lambeth Palace."

On St. John's College, University of Cambridge website, you can find an online revised version of medieval manuscripts catalogue by M.R. James (Descriptive Catalogue of the Manuscripts in the Library of St John's College, Cambridge). The collection is being continuously digitized.

National Library of Scotland provides an online catalogue of archives and manuscripts. On the website you can also find a guide to manuscript collections. Of course, there is a digital branch of the NLS as well.

Similarly, National Library of Wales also has a digital branch where, among other resources, there is separate Archives and Manuscripts collection.

United States of America

Many digital collections (of manuscripts as well) can be found on the website of Library of Congress. LoC is also responsible for National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections (NUCMC), that is, a catalogue of manuscript collections held in American archival institutions.

Another project that was recently launched to catalogue of manuscripts held in American institutions is Digital Scriptorium. According to the website, the project aims at building an online national union catalog for manuscripts in American collections. The catalogue is based upon data received from contributing institutions.

Another notworthy digital collection is the one of Beinecke Rare Book & Manuscript Library at the Yale University.

The Morgan Library & Museum website provides access to its great collection of medieval and early modern manuscripts. The number of digitized manuscripts exceeds a thousand.

Another worth-noticing manuscripts repository is Hill Museum & Manuscript Library (HMML), Collegeville, Minnesota. The portal provides access to thousands of manuscripts from all around the globe that were digitized in cooperation with responsible institutions.

Philobiblon is a project run by University of California, Berkeley. It is a "bio-bibliographical database of texts written in the various Romance vernaculars of the Iberian Peninsula during the Middle Ages and the early Renaissance." The database comprises four separate bibliographies: Bibliografía Española de Textos Antiguos (BETA - medieval texts in Spanish), Bibliografía de la Poesía Áurea (BIPA -Golden Age Poetry in Spanish), Bibliografia de Textos Antigos Galegos e Portugueses (BITAGAP - medieval texts in Galician, Galician-Portuguese, and Portuguese), and Bibliografia de Textos Antics Catalans, Valencians i Balears (BITECA - medieval texts in Catalan). There is plenty of useful links gathered there, too.

Google Books is a service provided by Google that offers access to scanned and OCRed books and magazines stored in its database. As of 2019, more than 40 million titles were available. Among them one can find lots of books concerning medieval and early modern civil and canon law, including those printed in 16th and following centuries. They are scanned using OCR, and thus full-text search is possible. 

HathiTrust is a digital repository that offers access to millions of books, including those digitized via Google Books and the Internet Archive.

The Internet Archive is a digital library that provides free access to digitised materials, including books and magazines. As of today it offers more than 20 million downloadable books and texts. Additionally, 2,3 million e-books are allowed to be borrowed if the reader is a registered user (the registration is free of charge).

The Project Muse provided by Johns Hopkins University gives access to thousands of online humanities and social sciences books and journals, including more than 5 000 available in open access.

You can always consult Andy Holt Virtual Library, where information about digital collections concerning many fields of humanities and fine arts are available.

Vatican

Digital Vatican Library is a digital branch of Vatican Library. It gives access to digitized collections of manuscripts, incunabula and other preserved materials. Additionally, we can find there catalogues of Vatican Library collections.

Roman law

Ius Civile is a bilingual (English and German) website that collects resources concerning Roman law, such as: bibliographies, literature (including journals), sources, teaching materials, and so on, and performs a role close to a vademecum for Romanists.

The Roman Law Library is a website dedicated especially to Roman law that gathers Roman law sources in HTML version.

On the Repertorium website you can find an online edition of Corpus Iuris Civilis based upon the edition from 1954 with references to inter alia Glossa ordinaria (1627), and German translation by Carl Eduard Otto et al.(1830-1833).

Paralipomena Iuris is a website prepared by João Carlos Mettlach. It offers an enormous collection of primary and critical editions of sources of (among others) Roman law, including the works of glossators and commentators.

On the Irnerius project website you can acquire access to the collection of legal and theologico-philosophical codices of Reale Collegio di Spagna in Bologna. Almost 300 codices were thoroughly described, and the literature was gathered. The images of manuscripts are available, too.

Several medieval sources were published on the Civil Law, Common Law, Customary Law (CLCLCL) Project website.

Canon law

A giant hub of sources of past and contemporary canon law is the Canon Law Resources website offered under the aegis of the Faculty of Canon Law of the Pontificial Gregorian University. It can successfully work as a vademecum for Canonists.

Another great collection of primary and critical editions of sources of canon law (including works of decretists and decretalists) is Paralipomena Iuris - the above-mentioned website by João Carlos Mettlach.

Other laws

IURA. Sources of Law from the Past is a digital collection of mostly Polish legal historical sources developed by the Faculty of Law and Administration of the Jagiellonian University in Kraków. The general idea behind the project is to create an extensive collection of digitized sources of law from Polish territories. It includes sources of law and other legal sources (like writings of lawyers) originating from the Middle Ages to the 20th century. The website provides the user with the original (handwritten or printed) and transcribed version of the legal text. Right now the collection encompass, inter alia, selected sources of municipal law (in particular Ius municipale Magdeburgense), legislation of Polish General Diet (Sejm; at the moment volumes 1 and 2 of the edition Volumina Constitutionum are available), selected works of Old Polish lawyers, constitutions and basic laws from 19th and 20th centuries, and other acts laid down on Polish territories in 19th and 20th centuries.

A special website was designed to make De legibus et consuetudinibus Angliae by H. Bracton - a monument of English medieval jurisprudence - available online. It is based upon Latin edition prepared by George Woodbine (1876-1953) and English translation of Samuel E. Thorne (1907-1994). The institutions behind this HTML edition are: the Ames Foundation, the Harvard Law School Library, and the Legal Information Insitute, Cornell Law School.

Another website was prepared for the digital collection of parliamentary rolls from medieval England (behind the paywall).

The Government of Difference (Governo dos Outros) website is an output of the project "The Government of Difference. Political Imagination in the Portuguese Empire (1496-1961)". The portal gives access to legislation concerning political government of the populations of the Portuguese empire between 1496 and 1961. It contains digital archive, and a collection of useful links. What is important the project digital archive includes also the Ius Lusitaniae - Historical Sources of Portuguese Law - the database of collections of Portuguese printed legislation, including royal ordinances (approximately 17,000 laws). The second part of the digital archive encompass the Bulletin of the Overseas Council (Boletim do Conselho Ultramarino) which was continued by the Collection of New Legislation on Overseas Territories (Collecção de Legislação Novíssima do Ultramar), and other legislation concerning Portuguese overseas territories (approximately 12,000 laws).

Other repositories

Under the aegis of Max Planck Institute for Legal History and Legal Theory several digital collections are available, including: legal iconography and legal archaeology from the Karl Froelich image collection, legal dissertations of the 16th-18th  centuries from the Universities of the HRE, legal journals from the 18th-19th centuries (two collections), Civil law literary sources on German, Austrian and Swiss Civil and Procedural Law of the 19th century. In addition, the above-described Manuscripta juridica project is worth mentioning, too.

The Avalon Project is a repository of selected documents and collections related to law, history, and diplomacy (in greater part translated into English). It is affiliated with the Yale Law School Lillian Goldman Law Library.

There is a website gathering primary sources on copyright covering basically the period from 15th to 19th centuries. It was funded by the UK Arts and Humanities Research Council (AHRC).

​The Internet offers a variety of websites, or even private blogs that can guide through the field of legal historical sources.

General historical research

Among Monumenta Germaniae Historica resources you can find digitized 4^th edition of Latin manuscript books before 1600 : a list of the printed catalogues and unpublished inventories of extant collections (LMB) by Paul Oskar Kristeller (revised and expanded by Sigrid Krämer who added also section D that encompass "Directories and guides to libraries and archives"). The LMB is accompanied with a simple search engine.

Ad Fontes Project is a learning program of the University of Zurich dedicated to general historical sources.

You can also check the Medieval Digital Resources website.

On the Mediaevum project website you can find lots of useful hints, links, catalogues concerning medieval studies, especially with regard to German cultural heritage.

On the Archives Portal Europe website you can find a collection of links regarding digital historical reserach.

Also The British Institute of Historical Research and University of Yale offer guides for historical studies. 

If you read French you can consult Theleme guide as well. It is a course and bibliographical guide prepared under the auspices of École nationale des chartes. Another French noteworthy portal is Menestrel. It can also serve as a guide for medieval studies providing a great number of categorized (geographically, thematically) hints and links.

On the DARIAH (The Digital Research Infrastructure for the Arts and Humanities) Project website you can find a collection of links to useful online resources.

If you are interested in French source editions you can consult bibliographical base BÈDE (Bibliographie des Editions et Etudes de sources documentaires françaises médiévales).

There is also a Digital Scholarly Editions online catalogue prepared under the direction of Patrick Sahle which includes more than 800 source editions.

Legal historical research

The Centre for Legal History at Edinburgh Law School provides a useful guide specifically for legal historical studies.

You can also visit the legal historical guides prepared by Harvard Law School and University of Oxford.

Another useful website is The Oxford International Encyclopedia of Legal History. The encyclopedia is an international source of information about legal institutions since the ancient times until today. Unfortunately, the content is behind the paywall. 

Bio-Bibliographical Guide to Medieval and Early Modern Jurists is an online database founded upon a guide authored by Kenneth Pennigton and supported by Ames Foundation. It is in fact a catalogue of medieval and early modern jurists (both canonists and civilians) which encompass not only their brief biographical note, but above all their works (location of manuscripts and critical editions included) and secondary literature. As of 2023 (last update) there are as many as 1193 entries in the database. 

Another hub of knowledge on many fields of the history of law is the Dutch Rechtshistorie.nl blog. In several sections (Roman law, medieval law, canon law, common law, Old Dutch law) one can find many guides concerning primary and secondary sources regarding respective fields of study and research. Additionally, an informative site on juridical abbreviations and citations is included. A companion to this website is Otto Vervaart's Rechtsgeschiedenis Blog.

A great source of information concerning legal history is also the website of Professor Gero Dolezalek, where we can find catalogues of legal historical literature and manuscripts.

Another one is the Forum Historiae Iuris blog that gathers information on legal historical journals.

See also Jean-Luc Deuffic's blog dedicated to medieval manuscripts.